federal public records: what they are and how to find them

What they are

Federal public records are documents and data created or held by U.S. agencies and made accessible to the public to promote transparency and accountability. They range from agency reports, audits, and rulemaking dockets to contract awards, grant data, and environmental assessments. Access is grounded in the FOIA and open government laws, though some materials are proactively posted without a request.

How to locate and request

Begin with official websites and data portals, then move to reading rooms, inspector general reports, and congressional repositories. When information is not posted, a focused FOIA request helps.

1. Define the subject, timeframe, and agency likely to hold the records.
2. Search existing databases and reading rooms to avoid duplicate requests.
3. File a clear FOIA request, citing formats and keywords.
4. Track responses and appeal if needed.

Responsible use and limits

Some records are withheld under exemptions for privacy, national security, or trade secrets. Verify context, note release dates, and document your process so decisions based on records remain accurate and fair.